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Category : Linux

How To Shutdown Linux on a Timer?

This is a relatively simple tip, but if you’re new to Linux you might not be familiar with it. I don’t believe there is a built-in feature for doing this within Gnome or KDE, but this uses the command line so it will work in any environment.
This is quite simple to implement. You will need to open the command line to use this, but don’t fear! You don’t need to know anything about how to use the command line. In fact, I’ll even tell you how to make a handy little button for this.

If you’re comfortable with the linux terminal, you might already know that you can type halt on the command line and your computer will immediately shut down. Well, halt has a sibling command called shutdown which has a little bit more intelligence and features built into it. Shutdown is the command that we’ll be using here. First you’ll need to bring up your terminal.
If you’re running Ubuntu go to Applications > Accessories > Terminal. Now you should have a command prompt. Here’s an example of the command if you want to shut down in 30 minutes:

sudo shutdown -h +30

Sudo means you need to temporarily become admin in order to shut down the system – so you will be prompted for your password. -h tells shutdown that you want to halt the system as opposed to restarting it. +30 means you’re specifying 30 minutes on the timer. The other way to specify the time is to say exactly what time you want the system to shutdown. It’s in 24-hour time, so if you want the system to shutdown at 9:30PM, here’s the command:

sudo shutdown -h 21:30

Again, this will probably ask you for your password. If you want to cancel the shutdown, you can try typing Ctrl+C in the terminal where you issued the shutdown, or if that doesn’t work then you can manually issue a shutdown cancel like this:

sudo shutdown -c


Linux shortcuts

Keyboard shortcuts

CTRL + B Moves the cursor backward one character.
CTRL + C Cancels the currently running command.
CTRL + D Logs out of the current session.
CTRL + F Moves the cursor forward one character.
CTRL + H Erase one character. Similar to pressing backspace.
CTRL + P Paste previous line and/or lines.
CTRL + S Stops all output on screen (XOFF).
CTRL + Q Turns all output stopped on screen back on (XON).
CTRL + U Erases the complete line.
CTRL + W Deletes the last word typed in. For example, if you typed ‘mv file1 file2′ this shortcut would delete file2.
CTRL + Z Cancels current operation, moves back a directory and/or takes the current operation and moves it to the background. See bg command for additional information about background.

Command line shortcuts

In addition to the below command line shortcuts, it is also helpful to use the alias command that allows you to specify a keyword for frequently used commands or mistakes.

~ Moves to the user’s home directory.
!! Repeats the line last entered at the shell. See history command for previous commands.
!$ Repeats the last argument for the command last used. See history command for previous commands.
reset Resets the terminal if terminal screen is not displaying correctly.
shutdown -h now Remotely or locally shuts the system down.

Reset forgotten root password in Linux

Forgot your root password?? No problems, this is how you can reset your root password:

For this press e when GRUB selection menu pops up. Now write the following as parameter: init=/bin/bash
Now press Enter. You will get a # prompt. Now write the following command to change your root password.
#passwd
Now enter your new desired password twice.
Reboot your system & now you can login to your system as root with the newly set root password.

This is how you can delete/remove Linux from a dualboot system with Windows XP.

First take out your Windows XP bootable disc & boot your system from it. Then enter Recovery console by pressing R. In the recovery console prompt type the following commands:
FIXMBR
FIXBOOT

The GRUB will be overwritten & Windows will restore MBR & its bootloader. Just boot your system & windows will start automatically.

Now Right click on My Computer icon on your Desktop & click Manage. Click Disk Management.
Now remove all Linux partitions (These partitions don’t have any label & have unknown filesystem).
Now create new partition(s) in the free space. Format those partitions in FAT32/NTFS & now you can use them under Windows.

You can also try some awesome utilities like Partition Magic, Gparted to do the same.

To connect to Yahoo or Gtalk from Linux you need to install any multiprotocol Instant messaging client like: ‘Kopete’ or ‘Pidgin’

Kopete >> http://kopete.kde.org

Pidgin >> http://www.pidgin.im

Download them from the above links & install them.

To configure kopete for yahoo/MSN/ICQ/AIM etc:
http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/articles/kopete_kde_instant_messenger

To configure Pidgin for Yahoo/MSN/ICQ/AIM etc:
Click Accounts >> Add/Edit. On the new Accounts window click Add.
Select the Protocol like Yahoo, Google Talk etc. & fill in other required details.

To configure Kopete for Gtalk:
http://www.google.com/support/talk/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=57557

To configure Pidgin for Gtalk: http://www.google.com/support/talk/bin/
answer.py?answer=24073&ctx=sibling